Sunday, January 13, 1493

The ships continued east offshore the Samaná Peninsula of the Dominican Republic, home to the Ciguayan people, and anchored there. A combat hostility occurred on January 13. Columbus had dispatched armed sailors to trade. The Ciguayans also were armed and fears and...

Wednesday, January 16, 1493

Columbus interpreted conversations with Samanáns aboard the Niña as indicating that islands named Matininó and Carib lay to the east and that Matininó was inhabited only by women and Carib only by men. The Tainos’ oral history included an ancestral hero, Guahayona,...

Tuesday, January 22, 1493

Sailing northeast in the Atlantic, the Niña and Pinta were becalmed at about N 26⁰ W 63⁰, having coursed over five hundred miles from their last anchorage off the Samaná peninsula (Dominican Republic). Columbus was aboard the Niña, together with about two dozen...

Friday, January 25, 1493

At about N 28⁰ W 60⁰, Columbus recorded in the Journal that they had caught a porpoise and a large shark, which he said was very welcome, because they had nothing left to eat but bread, wine, and “peppers from the Indies.” The bread included cazabi (a toast made from...

Sunday, February 3, 1493

At about N35⁰ W50⁰, Columbus reckoned that the North Star was as high in the sky as it appeared off Cape St. Vincent, Portugal (N 37⁰), indicating to him that he had sailed northeast from the Indies to approach the Azores (N 37-40⁰) from the southwest. What was his...