by Andrew Rowen | | Portugal
At dawn on March 4, Columbus recognized the Rock of Sintra offshore Lisbon, Portugal, and sailed the battered Niña to take refuge in Lisbon’s outer harbor. He knew Portugal’s King John II, having spent a few years trying to convince John to sponsor the voyage (in the...
by Andrew Rowen | | Portugal
Portugal’s King John II summoned Columbus to meet northeast of Lisbon, and Columbus brought along at least two of the Taínos. The route to meet John wove through Lisbon, shown below c.1598 (a century later) in Civitates Orbis Terrarum: As dramatized in Encounters...
by Andrew Rowen | | Portugal
The house in the parish of Vale do Paraíso (northeast of Lisbon) where Columbus and the Taínos met King John II still exists, shown below (to the right). King John didn’t believe Columbus’s account of his voyage and asked two Taínos separately to draw a map of their...
by Andrew Rowen | | Portugal, Spain
Columbus, crew, and the ten Taínos aboard the Niña departed Portugal on March 13 and anchored two days later at Palos, Spain, the small port from which the Niña, Pinta, and Santa María had departed on August 3, 1492. Coincidentally, the Pinta returned to Palos the...
by Andrew Rowen | | Spain
Columbus’s Journal provides a European historical record of daily events over a seven-month period (August 3, 1492 through March 15, 1493) which is unusual for the 15th century and far exceeds in detail and specificity the related historical record preceding or...
